Pharmacognostic and Quality Control Evaluation of the Leaves and Flowers of Mucuna urens L. (Fabaceae)
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Résumé
Background: Mucuna urens (Fabaceae) is traditionally valued for its soup-thickening properties and medicinal uses, including treatment of hemorrhoids, asthma, and intestinal worms. This study aimed to establish pharmacognostic and quality control parameters for the leaves and flowers of M. urens.
Methods: Standard pharmacognostic procedures were employed for microscopic evaluation, micromeritics, chemomicroscopy, moisture content determination, ash values, extractive values, fluorescence analysis, and phytochemical screening.
Results: Microscopy revealed hypostomatic leaves with paracytic, anisocytic, and anomocytic stomata on the abaxial surface. The stomatal index and stomatal number were 65.4% and 102.60, respectively. Micromeritics analysis indicated poor flow properties for both leaf and flower powders, with angles of repose of 40.75° and 42.49°, Carr’s indices of 41.31% and 31.70%, and Hausner’s ratios of 1.70 and 1.42, respectively. Chemomicroscopy showed the presence of mucilage, cellulose, starch, lignin, and protein in the leaf, while the flower contained mucilage, cellulose, starch, and lignin. Fluorescence analysis demonstrated solvent-dependent colour variations. Extractive values (water, methanol, ethanol) were 16.7%, 16.0%, and 16.0% w/w for the leaf, and 23.7%, 18.7%, and 18.0% w/w for the flower. Moisture contents were 13% and 17% w/w, respectively. Phytochemical screening revealed alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, and tannins in the leaf, while the flower contained cardiac glycosides, saponins, and tannins.
Conclusion: These findings provide diagnostic and quality control standards for M. urens, supporting its identification, safety, purity, and efficacy in phytomedicine
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