Evaluation of in vitro Combined Antibacterial Activity of Some Commonly Used Antibiotics of Choice against Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens by Activity Index Profile.

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U. S. Ekong
P. M. E. Ubulom
S. F. Udo

Abstract

Evaluation of the in vitro combined antibacterial activity of antibiotics of choice: ciprofloxacin ((C), penicillin (P), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), and cefixime (CX) against authochthonous and allochthonous urinary tract infection (UTI) pathogens: Escherichia coli (EC), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus aureus (CONSA): Staphylococcus saprophyticus (SS) and Staphylococcus aureus (SA) was carried-out at 1xMIC, by the modified agar-well diffusion technique and the nature of the interactions assessed by activity-index profile (AIP). The preliminary antibacterial sensitivity assayed by agar-well diffusion technique showed excellent antibacterial activity of the agents against the tested UTI pathogens with inhibition zone diameters (IZD) within the range (20.0 – 50.0 mm), except cefixime, which was fairly active against EC and CONSA, with IZD of 12.0 mm; and inactive against PA and SA. The antibacterial activity of the agents was in the descending order: C > P > TMP – SMX > CX. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the active agents against the UTI pathogens determined by macrobroth-dilution technique were within the range: C (0.00781 – 0.0098 mg/ml), P(0.12 mg/ml); and TMP – SMX (4.80 – 0.60 mg/ml), with corresponding qualitative inhibitory potency, within the range (12.0 – 38.0 mm) for the UTI pathogens, except TMP-SMX which was inactive against SA. The interactions of the agents at 1xMIC against the UTI pathogens showed qualitative inhibitory activity within the range (9.0 – 25.0 mm), which were comparatively assessed by the AIP, indicating predominantly synergism and lessly indifferent for EC, CONSA and SA; and total antagonism for PA.

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Ekong, U. S., Ubulom, P. M. E., & Udo, S. F. (2020). Evaluation of in vitro Combined Antibacterial Activity of Some Commonly Used Antibiotics of Choice against Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens by Activity Index Profile. Nigerian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Applied Science Research, 4(2), 12–21. Retrieved from http://mail.nijophasr.net/index.php/nijophasr/article/view/83
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Articles
Author Biographies

U. S. Ekong

Pharmaceutical Microbiology/Biotechnology Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics/ Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo,
Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

P. M. E. Ubulom

Pharmaceutical Microbiology/Biotechnology Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics/ Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo,
Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

S. F. Udo

Pharmaceutical Microbiology/Biotechnology Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics/ Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Uyo,
Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

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