Evaluation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in soil from crude oil spilled sites in Ogbia Local Government Area of Bayelsa State, Nigeria
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Background: As a result of the illegal oil refining activities within the oil producing area of the Niger Delta Area the environment is highly degraded. In the course of this activities a lot of pollutants among them polyaromatic hydrocarbons are released into the soil. This then creates a serious impact: destroying the wildlife habitat. This study was carried out within Ibalabiri Community in Ogbia LGA of Bayelsa State to ascertain the variation of these PAHs in and around the affected area of study.
Methods: Sampling were done at four different selected sites within Ibalabiri community during the dry season. The pre-prepared samples were extracted for PAHs using Hexane: Dichloromethane solvent mixture with the aid of a soxhlet apparatus. The extract was further fractionated with the aid of a gradient column chromatography into aliphatic and aromatic fractions. The aromatic fraction was subjected to GC-MS and evaluated for PAHs constituents.
Result: The low molecular weight PAHs identified included: naphthalene, acenaphylene, acenaphthalene, fluorine, phenantrene, anthracene while the high molecular weight PAHs were fluoranthene, chrysene, benzo[a]anthracene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene in all the 4 samples. Pyrene was only detected in samples 2 and 3. The total concentrations of the PAHs ranged from 452.00 mg/kg in sample 1 to 456. 6 mg/kg in sample 2.
Conclusion: The presence of these PAHs is due to petrogenic source. Considering the toxicity of PAHs the result of the present study would be useful and also creates a better understanding of the source of PAHs pollution and control.
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