Phytochemical and Anti-Anaemic Properties of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Justicia carneaVahl (Acantheceae)
Barre latérale de l'article
Contenu principal de l'article
Résumé
Justicia carnea is a medicinal plant reported to have diverse pharmacological functions, including blood-boosting potentials. The study investigated the phytochemical, proximate parameters as well as the effects of the ethanol extract of Justicia carnea (JC) leaves in phenylhydrazine induced-anemia in albino rats were investigated. Quantitative phytochemical screening and proximate analyses were carried out using standard methods. The experimental animals were randomly grouped into six groups of three rats each – group 1 (non-anemic control), group 2 (anemic control), group 3 (100 mg/kg of JC extract), group 4 (200 mg/kg of JC extract), group 5 (500 mg/kg) and group 6 (1000 mg/kg). Phenylhydrazine was administered once a day at the dose of 10mg/kg to induce aneamia. After 7 days of administration, animals were sacrificed.Serum was collectedfor biochemical analysis and organs harvested for histopathological analysis. Quantitative phytochemical analysis showed the presence of secondary metabolites such as saponins (2.50 mg/100g), tannins (2.16 mg/100g), alkaloids (1.88 mg/100g). Saponins were the most abundant secondary metabolites while flavonoids (0.08%) were in minute quantity. Calcium (1930?) and potassium (14800?) were the most abundant minerals in the aqueous extract of the leaf while zinc (73?) was present in low concentration and lead (1.0?) in minute quantity. Packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC), platelet concentration and hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations decreased significantly after 4 days of phenylhydrazine induction, but after 7 days of administering extracts of Justicia carnea, PCV values, RBC, platelet and Hb increased significantly. Other components of the blood such as eosinophil, basophil, monocytes, and lymphocytes also showed positive improvement. Ethanol leaf extract of Justicia carnea reversed phenylhydrazine induced anemia in the treated animals. This study validates the ethnomedicinal use of the plant as a traditional blood supplement in the management of anemia.
Téléchargements
Renseignements sur l'article
Cette œuvre est sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale - Pas de Modification 4.0 International.
Références
AOAC.(1990). Official Methods of Analysis. 15th Edition, Washington, D.C.; Association of Official Analytical Chemist: 69-88.
Bass N.M, Ockner B.A.(1996).Drug-induced liver disease. In: Zakin D, Boyer T.D, editors. Hepatology: a textbook of liver disease. 3rd eds. Philadelphia: W.B Saunders: 962–1017
BernsJ.S. (2009) Anemia of chronic kidney disease: Target hemoglobin/hematocrit for patients treated with erythropoietic agents. http://www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed Dec. 8, 2015.
Berger, J. (2007). Review: Phenylhydrazine haematotoxicity. J. Applied. Biomed. 5: 125–130.
Chimaraoke O, Ngozi K. Achi, Chima A. Ekeleme-Egedigwe, Chidinma U. Ebere, Chidinma K. Okoro (2017), haematological and biochemical studies on justiciacarnea leaves extract in phenylhydrazine induced-anemia in albino rats: Acta Scientiarum Polorionum Technology Aliment. 16(2):217–230
Clemens, M. R., Remmer, H., Waller, H. D. (1984). Phenylhydrazine-induced lipid peroxidation of red blood cells in vitro and in vivo: Monitoring by the and Pharmacology, 33:715– 1718.
Dahiya, K. (2013). Nutraceuticals and their impact on human health.Journal of Plant. Biochemistry Physiology, 1(4): 1-3.
Diallo, A., Gbeassor, M., Vovor, A., Eklu-Gadegbeku, K., Aklikokou, K. Agbonon, A. (2008). Effect of Tectonagrandis on phenylhydrazine induced aneamia in rats: Fitoterapia, 79: 332–336.
Eyong, E. U., Umoh, I. B., Ebong, P. E., Eteng, M. U. Antai, A. B., Akoa, A. O. (2004). Heamotoxic effects following ingestion of Nigerian crude oil and crude oil polluted shellfish by rats. Nigerian Journal of Physiological Science19(1–2):1–6.
Fasuyi, A. O. (2006). Nutritional potentials of some tropical vegetable leaf meals.Chemical characterization and functional properties. African Journal of Biotechnology, 5: 49–53.
Gbenou, J. D., Tossou, R., Dansou, P., Fossou, M., Moudachirou, M. (2006).Etude des proprieties antianémiques de JusticiasecundaVahl (Acanthaceae) chez les rats de souchewistar.Pharmaceutical Medicine of Traditional Africa, 14: 45–54
Goupy, P., Amiot, M.J., Richard?Forget, F., Duprat, F., Aubert, S. and Nicolas, J. (1995). Enzymatic browning of model solutions and apple phenolic extracts by apple polyphenol oxidase. Journal of Food Science, 60: 497-501
Harborne, J.B. (1998). Phytochemical Methods.A Guide to Modern Technology of Plant analysis, 3rd Edition. Chapman and Hall, New York: 88-185.
Hussein, S. Z., Yusoff, K.M., Makpol, S. and Yusof, Y. A. M. (2011). Antioxidant capacities and total phenolic contents increase with gamma irradiation in two types of Malaysian honey. Molecules . 16(8),6378-6395.
Jones A.L. Anatomy of the normal liver. In: Zakin D, Boyer T.D, editors. Hepatology: a textbook of liver disease. 3rd edition Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1996.3–32.
Kumar, A., Iavarasan, R. I., Jayachandran, T., Decaraman, M., Aravindhan, P., Padmanabhan, N., Krishnan, M. R. V. (2009).Investigation on a tropical plant Syzygium cumini from Kattuppalayam, Erode District, Tamil Nadu, South India.Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 8: 83–85.
LichtmanM.A(2010) Structure of the marrow and the hematopoietic microenvironment. In: Williams Hematology. 8th edition New York, N.Y.: The McGraw-Hill Companies;
Ogbe, R. J., Adoga, G. I., Abu, A. H. (2010). Antianaemic potentials of some plant extracts on phenyl hydrazineinducedaneamia in rabbits. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 4(8): 680–684.
Okonkwo, C. C., Agu, C. V., Njoku, O. U., Abonyi, U., Apeh, V., Anaduaka, E.G., Odo, C. E. (2015). Hypoglycaemic and haematinic properties of ethanol leaf extract of Artocarpusheterophyllus in alloxan induced diabetic rats. African Journal of TraditionalComplementary Alternative Medicine, 12(2):144–148.
Radhika, J., Sathya, S., Jothi, G and Japasheba, JL. (2013).Cardioprotective role of JusticiatraquebareinsisLinn.leaf extract in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in albino rats. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 3(4):124–128.
Tchogou, AP., Sènou, M., Dougnon, TV.,Agossadou, A., Assogba, F., Kinsiclounon, EG, Loko, F. (2016). The aqueous extracts of Cocosnucifera L. (Arecaceae) effectively treat induced aneamia. Experimental study on wistar rats. International Journal of Biology, 8(3): 1–10.
Walter F. Boron (2004). Medical Physiology: A Cellular and Molecular Approach. Elsevier
World Health Organization Report (2002): Reducing risks, promoting healthy life. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2002.www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/sickle-cell-disease